Glossary
Glossary
Short definitions of the terms used in company filings and on this site, each with one real example.
Each entry is a short definition and one example taken from a company’s own filing, with a link to it. For the longer version of a topic, each entry also links to its explainer in Learn.
- 10-K: The annual report a US-listed company files with the SEC, with audited financial statements.
- 8-K: A filing that reports a specific company event, such as results, a merger or a leadership change.
- Dividend yield: The yearly dividend per share as a percentage of the share price.
- Earnings per share (EPS): Net income divided by the number of shares, reported as basic and diluted.
- Ex-dividend date: The first day a buyer of the stock doesn’t get the next dividend.
- Free cash flow: Cash from operations minus capital expenditures.
- Gross margin: Gross profit as a percentage of revenue.
- Market cap: Share price times shares outstanding.
- P/E ratio: Share price divided by earnings per share.
- Public float: The shares held by outside investors, valued on every 10-K cover page.
- Shares outstanding: The number of shares held by investors on a given date, from the filing cover page.
- Stock buyback: A company buying back its own shares.
- Stock split: Dividing each share into several, with no change in what the company is worth.
Disclosures
- Editor holdings
- The editor holds no position in any company named on this page. As of Nov 11, 2026.
- Compensation
- Nobody paid for this page. No affiliate links on this page.
- Sources
- The SEC filings linked on each term page.
- Last updated
- Nov 11, 2026
General education, the same for every reader. Not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any security, and it doesn’t consider your situation.