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Short explainers for reading company filings. These are the first topics.

Topics

What is a 10-K, and how to read one in 15 minutesWhere the numbers on every Ticker Sage page come from.Coming soon
Revenue vs. profit vs. cash flowThree numbers that tell different stories about the same company.Coming soon
What a bull case and a bear case are (and aren't)Why we show both sides and never pick one.Coming soon
How banks make moneyNet interest income, fees and the provision for credit losses, using JPMorgan Chase's filings.Coming soon
Why net income can jump when nothing changed in the businessInvestment gains, tax items and other lines below operating income.Coming soon
Fiscal years and quartersWhy Apple's FY2025 ended in September and Nvidia's fiscal 2026 ended in January.Coming soon

Explainers are general education, the same for every reader, and never say what anyone should buy or sell.